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1-1 - 1-2 supercritical fluid 5 - Applications of Supercritical univerbar Fluids 7 1-3 - 1-3-2 9 overview of heat transfer - Heat transfer at supercritical univerbar pressures 12 1-3-3 - Disturbing heat transfer 15 Figure (113): the behavior of the wall temperature at different univerbar heat fluxes review of 16 previous studies 21 2-1 - 22 2-2 Papers univerbar Review - experimental studies 24 Table 2.2: Selected Laboratory Investigation 25 2-3 - Numerical Analysis 34 Table (2-3): Numerical studies of selected 34 2-4 - Table forecasting methods (2-4): selective relations disturbing heat transfer heat transfer coefficient 39 2.5 45 2.6 - 49 Effect of thermal acceleration equations 52 3.1 - Governing equations of the moment: 54 3-2 - simplifying assumptions: 55 3-2 - 57 3-4 flow governing equations mean time - one-dimensional model boundary conditions 60 35 64 41 61 Modeling and numerical turbulence model 65 Equation of continuity: 77 Rate this model and investigate the numerical stability of the results 83 51 84 Figure 51: Influence of mesh number 85 53 Effect of turbulence model on numerical results univerbar in Figure 93 (56): the effect of turbulence on heat transfer coefficients 95 56 Effect Flux Heat 99 Conclusions and Recommendations 113 62 offers: 116 Chapter One Introduction to heat transfer fluids with variable properties is a subject of considerable research has been more than half a century ago. Thermodynamic and transport univerbar properties of fluids and fluid pressure is usually a function of temperature. This property is approximately constant temperature and normal pressure. One of the most sophisticated Vkly variable fluid properties are subject univerbar to extreme temperature and pressure univerbar of the supercritical univerbar fluid. The fluid properties due to too many changes, especially at the critical point is and has always been highly regarded as a full range of fluid properties are used. Here, according univerbar to the characteristics of the fluid, which will be described below as well as other types of liquids that can vary the properties of complex fluids with variable properties of the fluid as a special univerbar case of the basic properties of the fluid as the fluid variable is used. 1-1 - When it comes to the supercritical fluid is supercritical fluid to fluid pressure above the critical point and the critical point or the pseudo-critical temperature Tpc is. (Figure 1-1), the pseudo-critical point refers to the capacity of special Krmayy The maximum univerbar pressure is constant. Figure 11: Graph of temperature on the volume of pure water at supercritical pressure in a pseudo-critical point (pseudo-critical temperature) at which there is maximum change in fluid properties. (Specific heat capacity is the maximum). univerbar Figure 12: Pressure-temperature diagram for pure water (phase diagram) Figure (1-2) is seen in the supercritical region into two parts, the liquid-like and vapor-like region is divided. univerbar The constant pressure when the temperature is greater than the quasi-pseudo-critical temperature of steam in the pseudo-critical temperature is less than the quasi-liquid is called. The reason for this name is actually an investment in a supercritical pressure fluid vapor, not liquid, not only aura that can only be assumed that the fluid. And just to comply with the state subdivide pressures and moderate temperatures (below the critical point), there is no phase change or supercritical pressures and fluid properties univerbar such as density just before and after the pseudo-critical point changes. Also, we could argue that because univerbar of the pseudo-critical temperature the density smaller than the temperature of the temperature is smaller than the pseudo-critical temperature, the density, the smaller the other is like a vapor-liquid-like call. 1-2 - Supercritical fluid applications in the past decade, the use of supercritical fluid industry is growing. To increase the efficiency of power plants in recent years, the use of supercritical water SCW, is taken into consideration. Supercritical fluid as a refrigerant cooling for electric cars as well as used as a refrigerant for nuclear reactors. In many chemical processes, such as changes in particle form, mining and factory floor (cleaning) of supercritical fluids such as CO2 Vhydrvkrbnha use.
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