To extract this heat content in the rocks will need a transport system, generally water, that leads

Geothermal energy as defined by the German VDI 4640 guide adopted by the European Council of Energy, is that energy as heat stored beneath the solid surface of the earth. It has some features that make it particularly attractive; it is a renewable and continuous power, since the heat is unlimited. It is also a clean energy because it does not contribute to the emission of greenhouse gases. And finally it is an energy efficient, since it enables high yields by the stability of the underground temperature.
The first attempts to take advantage of geothermal energy for electricity production occurred gev online in the early twentieth century by the Italian Prince Piero Gioroni Conti; 250Kw the first plant built in 1913. US and Indonesia begin to use geothermal energy for electricity gev online production in the years 1925 and 1930, and is in the 70s when a growing number of countries producing geothermal-electric coinciding with the oil crisis. gev online In the 90 growing use of geothermal energy by the commitment to the environment and concern for the CO 2 again.
The non-electric use of this type of energy began in the early nineteenth century Landarello to obtain Boro, who held a monopoly on the extraction for 25 years. The low pressure steam is used for heating greenhouses gev online and buildings in Tuscany between 1910 and 1940. In 1892 gets the first geothermal district heating system in Boise, Idaho (USA) continues in operation today in operation . Today the most common non-electric use is represented by the use of heat pumps with 34'80% in terms of installed capacity, followed bathrooms with a 26'20% 21'62% heating, gev online greenhouses 8'22 %, 3.93% aquaculture and industrial processes 3'13%.
As shown in the graph, gev online geothermal installed gev online capacity is 958MW Mexico and obtained four geothermal fields: The Azufres with 188MW, Los Flue 40MW, 720MW Cerro Prieto and Las Tres Virgenes with 10MW. In the last five years there has been no significant increase, however the draft Cerritos Colorados 75 MW, 2014, coinciding with the planned closure of some older units are planned.
When talking about geothermal energy and its use, we must differentiate the various ranges of potential enthalpy geothermal reservoirs of the globe, ranging from the exploitation of the resources of very low temperature (below 30 C) to applications high enthalpy (150 C). In between these two types of resources have average gev online temperature (between 90 and 150 C) and low temperature (30 to 90C ).
The low enthalpy geothermal applications are based on capturing the heat contained in the earth's crust; this heat comes largely from solar radiation, and to a lesser part of the heat from the core, the temperature gev online is 4000 C.
To extract this heat content in the rocks will need a transport system, generally water, that leads the heat to the surface. These transport systems to be discussed later are called geothermal probes, horizontal collectors, geothermal foundations, etc.
Geothermal foundations are a particular case of geothermal probes that increasingly has more followers. It is converting the foundation of a building in a field probes, sensors tubes where the metal armatures piles are secured. The heat exchange circuit is located under the building, gev online so that work and saves space. Recall that even in the coldest climates, soil temperature remains stable at about 10-20 meters around 12-14 C. It is essential to the accurate calculation of the resistant section, that in no case will fall on the sensors, so oversizing of the structure will be necessary.
The first law of thermodynamics is known as the law of conservation of energy, states: energy is neither created nor destroyed, only transformed or transferred from one system to another. Heat transfer and thus the performance of work are two ways to extract or supply power to a system.
The second principle, which takes into account the operation gev online of a heat pump, determines that they contact when two bodies are at a different gev online temperature, a heat transfer ranging from cold to hot focus focus occurs.
Once reviewed these two concepts we define the heat pump as a machine capable of transferring energy from cold to warm focus focus, using a small amount of energy in the form of work that gives the outside; are