Not all soil types require installation of a sand cushion, for example, it is required in clay soil

Content: Ribbon malozahlyblenoho foundation depth deepening shallow foundation materials for building small deepening basement foundations Useful advice in the construction of the tape was deepening foundation pier foundation finely recessed
Before we answer the question of what foundations are shallow classification and definition of the basic foundations need to firmly understand that all of the bases themselves are shallow.
In essence, it's all the usual types of foundations that are located very close to the surface. The depth of shallow foundations shall not exceed, as a rule, fifty centimeters, hence the name.
Shallow strip foundations Generally all the bases can be divided into three types: base plate, pile-rostverkovyy foundation or pier foundation or pillared foundation or pile, strip foundations.
The classification is as follows: Base shallow to dock pidsyptsi, shallow foundation on nepuchynistyh of padding material; basement on a bed of nepuchynistyh material; Melkozalozhennyy foundation for egalitarian pidsyptsi; Melkozalozhennyy foundation on a bed of nepuchynistyh material.
Pillow - a layer of material under the foundation, which is needed in order to reduce the effect puchinitosti soil and increase the bearing capacity of the foundation. Pillows can be called a layer of gravel, which struck at the foundation and its sides are usually very foundation lies just inside the pillow like a person sleeping on a regular pillow, hence the name.
And adding - a layer of material that reduces the effect sdymystosti and increases the bearing water saturation table capacity of the foundation. Actually performs the same function as the cushion, the only difference in the design. If the pillow as it envelops the foundation of its three sides - the bottom and two sides, and adding it only applies to one side of the foundation - the bottom.
Tape foundation - this is actually the foundation. This period is called monolithic strip foundation, or rather visible water saturation table part of it, then eat only concrete water saturation table without padding or pillows.
Grillage - a ceiling that is used for the flooring in the column pile foundation. The role of grillage may be a strip foundation is poured into the same concrete formwork or precast grillage consisting of concrete slabs and other material.
Can be classified according integrity as team column, monolithic, tubular. Team column water saturation table is made of artificial elements such as brick, concrete slabs. water saturation table Monolithic columns made of concrete which is poured into the formwork. Tubular column made from a variety of tubes, such as metal, asbestobetonnyy, asbestos.
With the construction of strip foundation to do a sand cushion thickness which should be no more than 10 centimeters. The main purpose of such cushions remove all irregularities in place clash strip foundation and the soil surface.
Not all soil types require installation of a sand cushion, for example, it is required in clay soils, but is not required in coarse sandy soils. water saturation table In sandy soil cushion such a role can perform thin layer of concrete, which is often called podbetonka. The thickness can range from 10 inches to 15.
As for the width of the foundation, we can say that it is directly proportional to the thickness of the wall, and the burden of which will be provided to the foundation. Typically, the width of the walls a little less, about 10 inches than the width of the foundation. Less common are cases where shallow foundation make one width of the walls. Do not have foundation walls meet.
Talking about the height of the foundation, it should be noted the variety ranges. The fact that the height depends on the load of the structure, it provides for the foundation. Typically, finely made buried foundations for the "light" of buildings, but the degree of ease can also be different. Reinforcement tape malozahlyblenoho foundation
If you make a basement in height the same as its width, it will lead to the fact that the reduced cross-sectional area of compressed. In this case, a better foundation reinforced on two levels, and even better, allowing the height to three levels. Reinforced foundation necessary not for the fact that he has become more robust, although for that too. The main objective of the reinforcement is to prevent fracture at different loads on different parts of it.
How does it work? The fact that the warm weather on the base there are two forces: the force of gravity house that points downward pressure on the foundation that is from above, and support reaction force from the ground, which is directed upwards, that puts pressure on the foundation below. water saturation table
At the foundation are to act three forces: Gravity House, which is directed down, that puts pressure on the base above; strength support reaction, which is directed upwards, ie